To relay commands inside the network which is inaccessible over the Internet.Launch distributed denial-of-service ( DDoS) attacks.Website defacement by modifying files with a malicious intent.Infecting website visitors ( watering hole attacks).Web shells are used in attacks mostly because they are multi-purpose and difficult to detect. Īn attacker can use a web shell to issue shell commands, perform privilege escalation on the web server, and the ability to upload, delete, download, and execute files to and from the web server. These vulnerabilities are often present in applications that are run on a web server. Using network monitoring tools, an attacker can find vulnerabilities that can potentially allow delivery of a web shell. However, Active Server Pages, ASP.NET, Python, Perl, Ruby, and Unix shell scripts are also used, although these languages are less commonly used. Web shells are most commonly written in the PHP programming language due to the widespread usage of PHP for web applications. Ī web shell could be programmed in any programming language that is supported on a server. A web shell is unique in that a web browser is used to interact with it.
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